brugsch, heinrich ferdinand karl (1827-
1894), German Egyptologist. He became professor at Göttingen in 1868 and director of the School of Egyptology in Cairo in 1870, working in all fields of Egyptology as well as in Coptology. He founded the journal Zeitschrift für ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde in 1863. In 1881 he was given the title pasha by the ruling khedive because of his contributions to Egyptology.