O_______________________
Oak, Council of the (403), 2249 Oasis al-‘Araj, 189-190 and monasteries of the Western Desert, 1658-1659 Pharan, 1952-1953 Siwa, 2141 see also Dakhlah Oasis Oaths, in Coptic legal documents, 1430 Obicini, Thomas, 1823 Objects and instruments. See Instruments; Liturgical instruments; Metalwork, Coptic; specific kinds Oblations, 1121, 1641-1642 Obrimius. See Primus Octagon-domed church, 1823-1824 Octateuch of Clement, 1824 Octavian Augustus, Emperor, 2061, 2064, 2066 Oengus. See Aengus, Saint Offering, and pilgrimages, 1968 Offering of Incense. See Incense Offertory, 1824-1825 Of the Master and the Disciple (Murqus ibn Qanbar), 1626 Ogdoas, 1735 Ogier viii, 720 Oikonomos, 1825-1826 in charge of sacristy, 219 Oil, Holy. See Chrism Oils, sacramental anointing, 137-140 of catechesis, 137 cruets to hold, 1473 of exorcism, 137 Oktoechos (John of Damascus), 1735, 1985, 1986 Oktokaidekaton, 118, 951, 1826-1827 Old Cairo. See Fustat, al-Old Coptic. See Appendix Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Old Testament anthropomorphism references in, 143 apocrypha in Coptic tradition, 161-166 apologia in, 176 on apostolic succession, 181 atonement in, 306-307 Bodmer papyri, 1885 candelabra representing, 1469 canon of, 2109-2110 canticles, 1729 cantors in, 460 censer in, 1470 Codex Alexandrinus, 566-567 commentary on, 926 confession in, 584-585 Coptic art subjects from, 726, 1660, 1875 Didascalia use of, 899 Didymus on, 900 early versions of, 567, 568, 569, 572 on Egypt, 1867 feasts, 1101 and flight into Egypt, 1117, 1118 Gabriel, Archangel, in, 37, 1135, 1136 genuflection as practice in, 1139 Greek language version, 1167 guardian angel concept in, 1186 Hexapla and Tetrapla (Origen), 1227-1228 icons of subjects from, 1276 illumination, Coptic, 1283 as Jewish canon, 2109 Lagarde text, 1424-1425 lectionary, 1435 Michael, Archangel, in, 1616 in monastery libraries, 1448, 1449 Nubian church art subjects in, 1092 Origen on. See Hexapla and Tetrapla; Origen, writings of origin of chanting in, 148 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 papyrus collections, 1894, 1895 papyrus discoveries, 1900 Philo on, 1957 Raphael, Archangel, in, 2052-2053, 2054 sacred garments, 1475 on Satan, 248 themes in Coptic poetry, 1985 Theodoret on, 2236 Three Hebrews in the Furnace, 2257-2259 translation into Coptic, 104, 1836-1838 see also Bible; Scripture, canon of the Old Testament, Arabic versions of the, 1827-1835 Murqus ibn Qanbar commentary, 1699-1700 Old Testament, Coptic translations of, 1836-1838 contrastive texts, 104 o’leary, De Lacy Evans, 815, 1840 as Coptic hagiographer, 1192 on Coptic music, 1726, 1732, 1733 on Coptic saints and martyrs, 1551, 2081 Olympiodorus of Thebes, 1840 Olympius, Saint (martyr), 697, 1557, 1840, 1882 Oman, Coptic churches in, 1621 Omar Toussoun, 1397, 1658, 1841 Omega. See Alpha and omega Omophorion, 1477 On the Deaths of the Persecutors (De mortibus Persecutorum), 906 On Ephesians (Origen), 1847 On First Principles (Origen), 2157 On the Holy Spirit (Didymus), 900 Onias (high priest), 1866 On the Incarnation of the Word (De incarnatione Verbi) (Athanasius
I), 1288-1290
Onions, in Shamm al-Nasim festivities, 2126 The Only-Begotten (hymn), 1732, 1733 “On nature” (Dionysius), 911 Onophrius, Saint, 1841-1b842 as desert father, 894, 1953 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 encomium by Pisentius on, 1979 feast day, 2085 monastery of, 805 and Paphnutius the Hermit, 863, 1841-1842, 1883 Paphnutius of Scetis’s life of, 1884 and Timotheus, Saint, 2262 Onopus, 86 On the Origin of the World, 1261, 1842-1844, 1261 On Prayer (Origen), 1847, 1852, 1855 On the Priesthood (John Chrysostom), 459 “On the Promises” (Dionysius), 911 On Temptations (Dionysius), 911 On the Trinity (Didymus), 900 Ophilus of Alexandria, 840 Ophites, 1222 Ophthalmology, 1922 Oracles, Chaldaean. See Chaldaean Oracles Oracula sibyllina, 1169 Oral tradition of Coptic music, 1730 Orant depicted in Coptic art, 536-538, 536, 537 see also Figurines Orarion, 1477 Oratory (room), 1403, 1404 Order of the Golden Fleece, 1572 Order Province of the Orient. See Franciscans in Egypt Order of Saint Maurice, 1572 Ordination, clerical, 1844-1845 of archdeacon, 887-888 of deacon, 885, 886-887 and education of clergy, 564 laying-on of hands and, 1432 of priest, 2013-2015 Ordo (Gabriel V), 1131 contents of, 1132 Organ (musical instrument), 1740 Oriens Christianus, 1845 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Oriental fathers (patristics), 1920 Orientalists. See Scholars; specific names Oriental Orthodox churches, 235, 1845-1846 and the monasteries of Scetis, 2104, 2105 see also Constantinople; Jerusalem Orientation toward the East, 216, 221, 1846 Origen, 1448, 1846-1855, 1885, 1921 and Alexandrian theology, 103- 104 and Catechetical School, 100-101, 470-472, 474, 892, 893 on Celsus, 478-479, 1847, 1854 and Coptic education, 931-932 in Copto-Arabic tradition, 1851- 1852 in defense of the faith, 176-177 and Demetrius I, dispute with, 892-893, 1847 Didymus the Blind’s support of, 900 Dionysius the Great as student of, 909, 911 on Ebionites, 929-930 and eschatology, 973 and Ethiopian theology, 984 and Eusebius of Caesarea, 1070-1071 and Evagrius Ponticus, 1076-1077 and exegesis, 104 and gnosis, 1150, 1151 and “godly monarch” concept, 1957 on Gospel of Saint Mark, 1161 Gregory of Nazianzus writings on, 1183 Heraclas, Saint, as student of, 1219 and Heracleon, 1219-1220 and Hesychius, 1226 Hexapla and Tetrapla, 1227-1228 history of theology, 232 on homoousion, 1253 and hypostasis controversy, 1260 Jerome, Saint, and, 1323 in Jerusalem, 1324 Justinian, Emperor, condemnation of, 1386 Kellia monks and, 113-114 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 library in Caesarea, 1447 on liturgical music, 1733 on Logos, 1790-1791, 1848, 1849-1850 on marriage, 1542 on monarchianism, 1638 on musical instruments, 1738 on Nativity, 1102 Pachomian-Shenutean differences on, 1453 on paganism in Egypt, 1867 Pamphilus, Saint, defense of, 1879 and Pantaenus, 1881 and papyrus discoveries, 854, 1899 and penance terms, 1945 on Raphael, Archangel, 2053 Rufinus’ translations of, 2068 Scetis monks and, 2103 and Sentences of Sextus, 2120 on subordinationism, 471, 2157 and Teachings of Silvanus, 2207 and Theophilus, Patriarch, 143, 916, 2250-2252 on Theotokos, 2255 on unction of the sick, 139, 2291 writings of, 1852-1855; see also Commentaries on Corinthians; Commentary on Saint John’s Gospel; De principiis; Hexapla; On Ephesians; On Prayer: Philocalia Origenist controversies, 1855-1856 Origenist monks Antony of Egypt and, 150 and Gregory of Nyssa’s works, 1185 in Kellia, 113, 1397 Pambo, Saint, and, 1878 Original Sin, 1930 and Atonement, 306-307 and Immaculate Conception doctrine, 1285 and Incarnation, 1287-1288 Orlandi, Tito, 1299, 1448, 1894 Orphans, Didascalia on, 899 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Orphics, 1150 Orsenuphis (soldier-martyr), 1964 Os, Ethiopian saint, 1047 Osiris (pagan deity), 1761, 1866, 2002 and agriculture, 442 and burial rites, 283 and Coptic magic, 1501, 1502, 1505, 1506 festivals of, 438 iconography of, 245, 259 sanctuary and temple at Abusir (Taposiris Magna), 34, 36, 465 temple at Abydos, 38-42 see also Mythological subjects in Coptic art Ossius, Bishop of C6rdoba, 232, 1253, 1791 Ostracine. See Khirbat al-Filusiyyah Ostracon, 1290, 1856 and Coptic correspondence, 970-971 in Louvre, 1483 medical, 1887 Nubian medieval, 1814 preservation of, 279-280 from temple of Hatsehpsut, 227 text of Hos Three, 1726 see also Papyrus collections Otho, Emperor, patriarch under, 1913 Ottomans, Copts under the, 1856-1857 and administrative organization of Egypt, 935 and Egyptian finances, 1274 impact on Copto-Arabic literature, 1464-1465 Jirjis al-Jawhari role, 1334 millet system, 1087 Qasr Ibrim fortification, 2037 Ouarshufah. See Barsanuphius (martyr) Ouélários (Coptic weaving term), 2221 Ousia Origen on, 1848 as synonym of hypostasis, 1260 see also Homoeans; Homoiousion; Homoousion Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Ouspensky, Porphyry, 2049 Oxford University, 1091, 2030 papyrus collection, 1894 Oxyrhynchite dialect New Testament in, 1788 see also Appendix Oxyrhynchus cult of Homeric gods, 1865 family life in, 1086-1087 Latson, Apa, from, 1427 monasteries in, 1653, 1654-1655, 1662 pagarch, 1871 Paphnutius the Hermit in, 1883 papyrus discoveries, 1898-1900 Persian troops in, 1939 Roman sacrifices at, 890 Oxyrhynchus Papyri, 330, 1531, 1857-1858 Oz, Ethiopian saint, 1047 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372
P_______________________
Pachomian monasticism. See Monasticism, Pachomian Pachomius Basilica. See Pbow Pachomius, Lives of. See Life of Saint Pachomius; Lives of Pachomius Pachomius, Saint, 88, 119, 1619, 1859-1863, 1876, 1969 and Abraham of Minuf, Saint, 13-14 abstinence practice, 17 altar dedications, 711 and amma term, 2, 3 on Antinoopolis, 144 and Apa Hor the Ascetic, 2084 as archimandrite, 193 army service, 649 and Bakhanis-Tmoushons, 331 biographies of, 1663, 1860-1861; see also Life of Saint Pachomius; Lives of Pachomius as cenobitic monasticism founder, 1138, 1661-1662, 1664-1665 churches dedicated to, 730 convent establishment, 1663, 1822, 2325 Coptic language texts of, 1168, 1451-1452, 1453, 1859 on Coptic medicine, 1578 on costume of the religious, 652, 654 and Dayr al-Shuhada’, 868 depicted in Coptic art, 270, 727, 754 as desert father, 894 disciples of, 635, 2055, 2144 and Elias of Samhtid, 953 feast day, 2085 as hegumenos, 1215 and Horsiesios, Saint, 1257 influence on Ethiopian monasticism, 990 instructions of, 1862-1863 Isna birthplace, 1312 and Julian the Apostate’s death, 1382 and Letter of Ammon, 1445 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 letters of, 1863 monasteries of, 729, 731, 757, 802, 803, 825, 840-841, 1654, 1656, 1657, 1658, 1661-1663, 1973-1974, 2197; see also Monasticism, Pachomian and monastery libraries, 1448 and Palamon, Saint (fourth century), 2086 personal characteristics, 2240 and Petronius, Saint, 1952, 2086 rules of, 32, 119, 1861-1862 and Shenutean monasticism, 1453 Souros as disciple of, 635, 2144 Tabennese as site of first monastery, 2197 and Theodorus of Alexandria, Saint, 2238 and Theodorus of Tabennese, Saint, 2239 use of hisn (protective walls) around monastery, 1237 see also Monasticism, Pachomian; Pbow Pachomius of Tabennese. See Pachomius, Saint Pachomius the Younger, 1204, 1864 Pachomius al-Muharraqi, Abuna, 1719 Paese and Tecla, Saints, 1865 martyrdoms of, 841, 1557, 2054 Paganism and Christianity in Egypt, 946, 1865-1870 Abydos site, 38-40 Alexandria, 97-98, 99, 100 altars, 105-106 Canopus as pagan center, 31 Chaldean Oracles, 516 Coptic bone and ivory carvings, 405-406 Decius, Emperor, and, 889-991 Horus linked with legend of Saint George, 1762 Isis cult at Philae, 1954 Julian the Apostate and, 1380-1382 Luxor and Lu~or temples, 1484-1485 martyrs. See subhead persecutions Nonnos of Panopolis influence, 1799 Nubians and, 1818 persecutions, 1935-1937, 1943, 1944-1945, 1960-1961 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 poetry, 1879 Theodosius I, Emperor, antipagan measures, 1869, 1870, 2248 Theophilus, Patriarch, temple destruction, 31-32, 134, 2248 uprising against Peter II, 1947 see also Mythological subjects in Coptic art; Temples; specific names of deities Pagarch, 1871-1872, 2023 and Arab conquest of Egypt, 189 archives of, 226 archives of Papas and, 228-229 and taxation in Roman Eqypt, 2205 Paint, 1872 Painted ceramics, Coptic, 484-486 Painting, Coptic mural, 1872-1875 from ‘Abdallah Nirqi excavation, 4 ‘Alam Shaltat, 1874 Arab conquest impact on, 275-276 Bawit, 272-273, 367-368 church at Dayr al-Fakhuri, 804 as church decoration, 739 in churches, 1874-1875 Copt-Muslim frescoes, 1311 Dayr Anba Antuniyus, 726-727 Dayr Anba Bula, 743-744 Dayr Anba Hadra, 746, 747, 747 Dayr Anba Maqar, 753-754, 754 Dayr Anba Samu’il of Qalamun, 760 Dayr Anba Shinudah, 764 Dayr Apa Jeremiah (Saqqara), 777-779, 1659, 1660 Dayr al-Baramus, 793, 793-794, 794 Dayr Shuhada’, 868-869 Faras murals, 1090-1091, 1091 frescoes of Church of Saint Antony, 722 fresco technique, 1872 funerary murals, 1873 and Greek language use in Christian Nubia, 1171 inscriptions as legends for, 1291 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Karm al-Akhbariyyah, 1391- 1392 in Kellia rooms, 1408-1409 Mareotis, 1527-1528 medieval Nubian, discovery of, 1185 in monasteries, 1659-1660, 1873-1874, 1875 saint portraits, 2004 in secular buildings, 1873 techniques, 1872-1873 see also Monastery paintings Paintings Coptic styles of, 267-268, 272-273 Ethiopian Orthodox Church, 998 oldest known of cherubim, 751 see also Art and architecture, Coptic; Art, historiography of; Icons; Portraiture Pakhoras. See Faras Pakire (artist-monk), 804 Palaemon, Saint (hermit), 1876, 2086 Palamon, Saint (fourth century) church of, 757 feast day, 2086 monasteries dedicated to, 1973-1974 Pachomius as disciple, 1859 see also Dayr Anba Palaemon Palamon, Saint, 1427, 1876 Palanque, (Henri Amedée) Charles, 1876 Palau-Ribes Collection (Barcelona), 1895 Paleography. See Appendix Palestine Acacian schism and, 45 monasticism origins in, 1663 see also Holy Land; Jerusalem, Coptic See of; Mount Sinai Monastery of Saint Catherine Palettes (arm bands), 1606 Palladius, 88, 894, 1876-1877 on abba and amma terms, 3 and costume of the religious, 650, 652 and Cronius of Nitria, 2083 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 on Dayr Abu Hinnis, 701 desert fathers term use by, 894 on Didymus the Blind, 900 on Evagrius Ponticus, 1076-1077 Historia lausiaca compared with Historia monachorum in Aegypto, 1238 on Isaac, Saint, 1304 on Jabal Khashm al-Qu‘ud, 1316 and John of Lycopolis, 1363, 1365 on Kellia, 1397 Lausiac History, 7 and Macarius Alexandrinus, 1490 on monasteries for women, 1663 as monk in Pempton region, 1931 on monks’ hymn-singing, 1733 on Nitria, 1796 on numbers of Pachomian monks, 1662 Pachomian document (“Rule of the Angel”), 1862 on Pambo, Saint, 1877, 1878 on Paphnutius, 1884 on Paul the Simple, 1923 on Sarapion, 2094, 2095 and Theophilus, Patriarch, 2247, 2250 see also Historia lausiaca Palladius (pagan prefect), uprising against Peter II, 1947 Palladius, Abba (Thessalonian monk), 1467 Palladius, Bishop of Helenopolis, on flight into Egypt, 1118 Palm Sunday, 1103-1104 and Anaphora of Saint Gregory, 124-125 cross with tapers, 1469 and events of Holy Week, 1251 Hosanna use on, 1258 pilgrimages to Dayr al-Muharraq, 840 Pambo, Saint, 113, 1076, 1733, 1877-1878 and Ammonius of Kellia, 2082 feast day, 2086 and Hilaria, Saint, 1230-1231 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 and monasteries in Nitria, 1795 Pamin. See Poemen, Saint Pamin, Saint, 1553, 1649, 1878, 2269 Pamio (scribe), 1961 Pamo.
See Pambo, Saint Pamphilus, Saint, 1879 in defense of Origen, 471, 1071 and Eusebius of Caesarea, 1070, 1071 martyrdom, 1557 Pamprepios of Panopolis, 1879 and Hellenization, 1168 and Nonnos of Panopolis, 1799 Pamun and Sarmata (martyrs), 1557 Pandektes, 77 Panegyric of Saint Michael (Theophilus of Alexandria), 1782 Panels, wooden, 2345-2346, 2345-2347 Panephysis, 1648 Panesneu, Saint (martyr), 1880, 1557 Paneu. See Panine and Paneu, Saints Panine and Paneu, Saints, 40, 1880-1881 in Idfa, 1280 and Psote of Psoï, 2032 Pan-Islamism, 1995, 1996 Pano. See Pambo, Saint Panoplia (Michael Cerularius), 1113 Panopolis. See Akhmim Pantaenus, 1881 and Alexandrian theology, 103- 104 and the Catechetical School of Alexandria, 469,. 474 and Coptic education, 931-932 Indian missions, 892, 1635, 1881 Pantaleon (Christian governor of Antioch), 1307 Pantaleon, Saint (martyr), 1881-1882, 1557, 1840 Pantalewon (Pantaleon), Ethiopian saint, 1046 Paolo da Lodi, Friar, 1122 Papacy. See Pope; Roman Catholic church; specific names Papadopoulos, Chrysostomos, on Dayr al-Sultan, 873 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Papas, archives of, 228-229 Paper, medical manuscripts, 1887-1888 Paphnutius, Bishop of Upper Thebaid (“martyr without bloodshed)”, 1557 Paphnutius, Saint (tenth-century monk and bishop), 1882, 2086 Paphnutius the Hermit, Saint, 727, 1882-1883, 2262 account of journey in the desert, 120, 1882 death and relics at Dayr al-Sham‘, 863, 1883 as desert father, 894 feast day, 1557, 2086 and Onophrius, Saint, 1841- 1842 Paphnutius Kephalas. See Paphnutius of Scetis, Saint Paphnutius of Pbow, Saint, 1557, 1883-1884, 2086 Paphnutius of Scetis, Saint, 1883, 1884 and Cassian, John, 462 feast day, 2086 and Theophilius on anthropomorphism, 1884, 2103 Paphnutius of Tabennese, Saint (fifth century), 1882, 2086 and Monastery of the Metanoia, 1609 Papias, Bishop of Hierapolis, 1531 Papohé See Phib Papylas (martyr), 1557 Papyri, Coptic Acts, Michigan papyrus of, 58 Chester Beatty collection, 519 Dayr Apa Jeremiah (Saqqara) find, 773 Dayr Apa Phoibammon find, 780 Dayr al-Hammam find, 806 Dayr al-Qusayr (Turah) find, 854 Fayyum Gospel fragment, 1100 Ibscher, Hugo, restoration of, 1274-1275 Karanis find, 1390 magical texts, 1501-1502, 1500, 1501, 1502 on medicine, 1578, 1579, 1581 as source material for arabization of Egypt, 937 see also Manuscripts Papyri, Coptic literary, 1884-1885, 1889 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 examples of Hos, 1726, 1726 Papyri, Coptic medical, 1886-1888, 1889 Papyri, Greek language, 1166, 1890-1896, 1898, 1900 Papyri, Manichaean, 2106 Papyrology, 1888-1889, 2107 Wessely, Carl Franz Josef, 2321 Wilcken, Ulrich, 2322 Papyrus preservation and restoration of, 279, 1274-1275 see also Bookbinding; Manuscripts Papyrus Berolinensis (Coptic codex), 1149 Papyrus collections, 1885, 1890-1896 Akhmim fragments, 80 archives, 226-227 Beatty, Chester, 380-382, 518-519, 1899-1900 Bodmer, Martin, 404-405 Maspero catalogue, 1562 Nash Papyrus, 1775, 1775 Rainer Papyrus, 1100, 2049 Schubart, Wilhelm, studies, 2107 Vienna, University of, 1389 Papyrus discoveries, 1898-1900 archives, 226-227 and Coptological studies, 615 Nag Hammadi codices, 1771 Oxyrhynchus Papyri, 1857-1858 Papyrus Egerton. See Egerton Gospel Papyrus Institute, Florence, 1894 Parable, of faith and the mustard seed, 11 Parabolani, and Cyril I, Saint, 67 1-673 Paraclete, 1520 Paradise, 1900-1901 see also Heaven Paradise (Enanisho), 2, 3 Paradise of Orthodoxy, 1089 Paraetonium, as Greek town in Egypt, 1180 Paralipomena Jeremiou, 166 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Paralipomena Pachomius, 1860, 1861 Parallos.
See Burullus, al-Paramelle, Joseph, 1749 Paramone, 1901 and fasting, 2099 Paraphrase of Seth (Hippolytus), 1902 Paraphrase of Shem, 1901-1902 as Old Testament apocrypha, 166 used by Basilides, 356-357 Parchasinus (Roman legate), 914 Parchment, 1902-1903 codex, 565-566 medical manuscripts, 1886-1887 preservation of, 279 Parekklesia, 1903 added to Dayr Anba Bishoi, 735 in Church of Mar Mina, 320 Church of Saint Antony, 725 Paris, France. See Louvre Museum; National Library Paris, Treaty of, 1941 Parmenas (first deacon), 885 Parmenian, Bishop, 920 Parmenides (Plato), 1981 Paromeos. See Dayr al-Baramus Parthey, Gustav Friedrich Constantin, 1903 Parthian horseman, 538, 538, 1259 Parties, political. See Political parties Pascha, 1903-1904 holy chrism use during, 521 see also Passover Paschal controversy, 81, 84, 436, 892, 1792, 1904, 1905-1906, 1997 Book of Epact and Demetrius I, 409-411, 1104 Paschal lamb, 1060, 1904 Passions of martyrs. See Cycle; Martyrs, Coptic; specific martyrs Passion Week, 1095 Passover, 1095, 1101, 1152, 1792, 1903-1904, 1905 anamnesis relationship, 120 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 and Last Supper, 1060-1061 see also Eucharist; Pascha Pastophorium, 216 Pastoralism, depicted in Coptic art, 1766-1767 Pastoral staff, 1468, 1468 Patape, Bishop of Qift, 1557, 1907-1908 Patasius, Saint, 1908, 2086 Paten, as Eucharistic vessel, 1065 Paten veil.
See Eucharistic Veils Paterae, 1596, 1596 Patermuthius, Saint, 1908, 2086 Patriarch, 1909 biographies by Abu Shakir ibn al-Rahib, 1463 chrism consecration by, 522 chronology of, 33 Egyptian taxation of, 1414 as head of ecclesiastical hierarchy, 2015, 2193-2194 History of the Patriarchs of Alexandria, 1238-1241 Holy Synod, 2193-2194 liturgical insignia, 1468-1469 liturgical vestments, 1476-1477 problems in late antiquity, 944 selection of, 1999 see also Pope in the Coptic church; Patriarchs; specific names Patriarch, consecration of, 1909-1910, 1912, 2000 Patriarchal deputy, 1911 Patriarchal election, 1911-1912 Patriarchal Library, Alexandria, 1532 Patriarchal residences, 92, 689-690, 1912-1913, 1999-2000 Patriarchs (Old Testament), apocrypha of the, 163-164 Patriarchs, Testaments of. See Testaments of the patriarchs Patriarchs of the See of Saint Mark Abilius, 8 Abraham, 10-11 Achillas, 55-56 Agathon of Alexandria, 65-66 Agrippinus, 72, 72 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Alexander I, 8 1-85 Alexander II, 85-87 Anastasius, 125-126 Andronicus, 131-132, 131-132 Anianus, 133-134 Athanasius I, 298-302 Athanasius II, 302 Athanasius iii, 302-303 Benjamin I, 375-377 Benjamin II, 377-378 Cerdon, 511 Cyril I, 67 1-675 Cyril II, 675-676 Cyril iii ibn Laqlaq, 677 Cyril IV, 677-679 Cyril V, 679 Cyril VI, 679-681 Damian, 688-689 Dioscorus I, 912-9 15 Dioscorus II, 915 Eumenius, 1069 Gabriel I, 1127 Gabriel II ibn Turayk, 1127-1129 Gabriel IV, 1129-1130 Gabriel V, 1130-1132 Gabriel vii, 1133-1134 Gabriel viii, 1135 Gabriel VI, 1133 Gaianus (rival), 1138 Isaac, 1303 Jacob, 1318 John I, 1337 John II, 1337 John iii, the Merciful, 1337 John IV, 1338-1339 John V, 1340-1341 John VI, Saint, 1341-1342 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 John vii, 1342-1343 John viii, 1343-1344 John IX, 1344 John X, 1344 John XI, 1344-1345 John xii, 1346 John xiii, 1346-1347 John xiv, 1347 John XV, 1347-1348 John xvii, 1348-1350 John xviii, 1350 John xix, 1351 Julian, 1380 Justus, 1386 Kha’il I, 1410-1412 Kha’il II, 1412 Kha’il iii, 1412-1413 Maqrizi history on, 1525 Marcianus, 1526 Mark I as first, 1528-1533 Mark II, 1533-1534 Mark iii, 1534-1536 Mark IV, 1536-1537 Mark V, 1537 Mark VI, 1537 Mark vii, 1537-1538 Mark viii, 1538-1539 Matthew I, 1569-1570 Matthew II, 1571 Matthew iii, 1571 Matthew IV, 1571 Maximus, 1574-1575 Michael IV, 1614-1615 Michael V, 1615-1616 Michael VI, 1616 Mina I, 1631-1632 Mina II, 1632-1633 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Peter 1,1943-1946 Peter II, 1947 Peter iii Mongus, 1947-1948 Peter IV, 1948 Peter V, 1948-1949 Peter VI, 1949-1950 Peter vii, 1950 Philotheus, 1959-1950 portraits at Old Church Dayr Anba Antuniyus, 726 Simon I, 2138-2139 Simon II, 2139 Theodorus, 2237 Theodosius I, 2241 Theodosius II, 2241-2242 Theonas, 2244-2246 Theophanes, 2247 Theophilus, 2247-2252 Timothy I, 2263 Timothy II Aelurus, 2263- 2267 Timothy iii, 2268 Yusab I, 2362-2363 Yusab II, 2362 Zacharias, 2367-2368 see also History of the Patriarchs Patrician Monastery.
See Monastery of the Patrician Patristics, 1920-1921 collection, 1778 Patrologia Orientalis, 1921 Patrologia Orientalis edition. See Synaxarion, Copto-Arabic Patrology, 1921 see also Patristics Paul, Apostle and Saint and ablution, 9 on anathema, 127 and Antony, Saint, 1733 on celibacy, 476 churches and monasteries dedicated to, 849, 854 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 on circumcision, 1106 and creation of bishops, 2015 depiction in Coptic art, 529 early Christian feast observance, 1101 on Egyptian worship, 1867 epistles on deacons, 885 on Good Friday, 1104 on heaven, 1214 on interpretation of the Resurrection, 1104 on Kiss of Peace, 1416 laqqan use on feast day of, 1426 and laying-on of hands, 1432, 1433 and Mark, Saint, 1529, 1530 on marriage, 1542, 1544, 1545 and matins, 1568-1569 on the nature of Christ, 524 on Paradise, 1901 on Phoebe, deaconess, 888 prayer of, 2007 and Thecla, Saint, 540-54 1 on types, 2283 see also Apocalypse of Paul; Dayr Anba Bula Paul IV, Pope (Rome), 1134 Paul of Aigina, 1922, 77 Paul of Akhmim, Bishop, 762 Paul of Bahnasa, Bishop, 1922 Paul of Benhadab, Saint, 1922, 2086 Paul the Black, Patriarch of Antioch, 1922-1923 consecrated by Jacob Baradaeus, 1319 Damian and, 688, 689 Paulinus of Aquileia, 1112 Paulinus of Nola, Bishop, 1930 Paul, Longinus, and Zeno (martyrs), 1557 Paul of Mendes, 1965 Paul and Salfana (martyrs), 1557 Paul of Samosata, Bishop of Antioch, 911, 1484, 1575, 1638 Paul the Simple, Saint, 2-3, 727, 1923, 2086 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 wall paintings of, 727 Paul the Solitary.
See Bulus al-Habis, Saint Paul the Syrian (martyr), 1557 Paul of Tamma, Saint, 154, 362, 1557, 1923-1925, 2029, 2262 Paul of Thebes, Saint, 1925-1926 and anachoresis, 120, 129, 130, 1661 churches dedicated to, 721, 741, 742 and Dayr Anba Bula site, 741 as desert father, 894 feast day, 2086 paintings of, 754 Paulus Orosius, 1930 Pbow, 1926-1929, 1657 Abraham of Farshut as archimandrite, 11-12 archaeology, 1927-1929 and Bakhanis-Tmoushons, 331 and church architecture in Egypt, 552-553 history of, 1926-1927 Pachomian monastic center at, 1657, 1665, 1860 Paphnutius, Saint, of, 1883-1884 and Stephen of Hnes, 2154 Theodorus of Tabennese and, 2239 and Victor of Tabennese, 2308 see also Monasticism, Pachomian The Pearl of Great Value. See Durr al-Thamin, al Pectoral crosses, 1468 Peeters, Paul, 1445, 1929 Pehke, 707, 1679 Peiresc, Nicolas Claude de Fabri, Seigneur de, 1929, 1977 Peisouchos (crocodile god), 1390 Pejosh. See Bajush (martyr) Pelagianism, 1929-1930 condemned by Ephesus, First Council of, 959-960, 1930 Cyril I, Saint and, 673 Jerome, Saint and, 1323 Pelagia, Saint, 2086 Pelagius, 1929-1930 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Pelagius II, Pope (Rome), 1339 Pellegrini, Astorre, 1931 Pelusium. See Farama, al-Pelusium, Isidorus, Saint, 1308-1310 Pemdje.
See Bahnasa, al-Pempton, 125, 1931 Penalization, 1931-1932 anathema, 127-128 and audientia episcopalis, 308 excommunication, 1079-1080 Penance, 1932, 1945 and absolution, 15-16 Phib, Saint, associated with, 1954 and unction of the sick, 2291 Pen cases, 1933, 1961 Pendants, 1606 Pendektes (Akhrtin), 77 Pendeme. See Qasr Ibrim Penitence. See Absolution; Confession and penitence Pentapolis, 1529, 1638, 1933- 1935 metropolitan see of, 1612-1613 Paraetonium as capital, 1180 Pentateuch Arabic versions of, 1833-1834 collected manuscripts of, 1776-1777 in Jewish canon, 2108 Philo philosophical thought based on, 1957 Pentecost, 1105-1106 and Coptic doctrine of the Holy Spirit, 1250 and Fast of the Apostles, 1093 and genuflection, 1139 Gnostic version of, 1446 lectionary for, 1437 Letter of Peter to Philip on, 1446 pilgrimages to Dayr al-Muharraq, 840 People of the covenant. See Ahl al-Dhimmah People’s Party, 1992 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Pepin, F., 854 Pepin the Short, 1112 Percussion instruments, 1732, 1738-1739 see also specific kinds Periodicals.
See Press, Coptic; Press, Egyptian; specific titles Persecutions, 1935-1937 Alexander II patriarchy and,86-87 in Alexandria, 99, 100 by Arianus, 230-23 1 Canonical Letter provisions, 1944-1945, 1946 Constantine I halt to, 588 Cosmas II patriarchy and, 636-637 by Cyrus al-Muqawqas, 188, 682-683, 682 by Decius, Emperor, 889-890 destruction of Christian manuscripts, 1885 by Diocletian. See Diocletian, Emperor Eusebius of Caesarea chronicle, 1071 by al-Hakim Bi-Amr-Illah Abu ‘Ali Mansur, 1201-1203, 2313-2314 imagery of, 1961 Islamic (fifteenth-century), 1129, 1130 Islamic (fourteenth-century), 750, 1343-1344, 1949 Islamic (thirteenth-century), 1267, 1268 by Mamluks, 941, 1343, 1517-1518, 1535, 1949, 2313-2316 by Maximian, Emperor, 1082, 1110, 2057 Melchite, 188 of Monophysites, 590, 1674, 1676, 1923 by Nero, Emperor, 1785 Peter I and, 1943, 1944-1945 by Romans, 892-893, 903, 909-910, 912, 1110, 1548-1549, 1550-1559, 1868-1869, 1935-1937, 2231-2233; see also names of specific emperors Saladin’s anti-Coptic decrees, 1535 see also Great Persecution; Martyrology; Martyrs, Coptic Persia, Christian martyrs in, 1151-1152 Persians in Egypt, 1938-1940 and administrative organization, 946-947 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 impact on Alexandria, 131-132 influences on Coptic art, 2097-2098 Nawruz celebration, 1784 Pisentius on, 1979 see also Arab conquest of Egypt Personal status courts, 1941-1942 Personal status law, 1941-1943 Pertinax, Emperor, patriarch under, 1914 Pesah. See Pascha Pesenetai. See Khandaq, al-Peter (fourteenth-century scribe), 927 Peter, Apostle and Saint Act of Peter, 57 Acts of Peter and the Twelve Apostles, 57 Apocalypse of, 160-161 in Apocryphon of James, 169 apostolic see, 181 churches and monasteries dedicated to, 849, 854 and funerary stelae, 705 on Good Friday, 1104 and Gospel of Saint Mark, 1158, 1159, 1161 and Holy Spirit, 1446 on Incarnation, 1287-1288 on Kiss of Peace, 1416 laqqan use on feast day of, 1426 and Mark, Saint, 1529, 1530- 1531 and Mary Magdalene’s spiritual leadership, 1155 and Michael, Archangel, 1618 monasteries dedicated to, 1467 and origin of antiphonal chanting, 148 paintings of, 529, 869 and penitence, 584 on salvation, 1285 and Transfiguration, 1108-1109 see also Apocalypse of Peter Peter I, Archbishop of Jerusalem. See Jerusalem, Coptic See of Peter I, Patriarch, 55, 81, 1943-1946 and Achillas, 81 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 and Arius, 231 Canonical Letter on persecutions, 1944-1945, 1946 dates of patriarchy, 1914 and Diocletian’s persecutions, 907 encomiums honoring, 400, 1117 on Eucharist, 1061 excommunication of Arius, 231 execution of, See subhead martyrdom homilies and letters of, 1617, 1945- 1946 and Lithazomenom and Saint Peter’s Bridge, 1467 martyrdom, 1557, 1869, 1937, 1945, 2031 and Melitian schism, 1584, 1585 and Melitius, 609, 1585 on Michael the Archangel, 1617 and Theonas, 2246 on Wednesday and Friday fasting, 1096 Peter II, Saint and Patriarch, 1947 dates of patriarchy, 1914 feast day, 2086 successor, 2263 Peter iii Mongus, Patriarch, 1947-1948 and Acacian schism, 42-47, 55 anathematized by Severus of Antioch, 2124 as anti-Chalcedonian, 2370 dates of patriarchy, 1915 and Henoticon edict, 1218, 1534, 1670, 1671 and Monastery of the Metanoia, 1608, 1609 as successor to Timothy II Aelurus, 2266 and Timothy Salofaciolus as patriarch, 2269 Peter IV, Patriarch, 1948 Damian and, 688 dates of patriarchy, 1915 at Dayr Ebifania, 800 and the Enaton, 95, 956-957 feast day, 2086 and John of Parallos, 1368 and Paul the Black, 1923 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 residence and refuge outside of Alexandria, 94 Peter V, Patriarch, 1948-1949 consecrated at Church of Abu Sayfayn, 550 dates of patriarchy, 1917 Peter VI, Patriarch, 399, 427, 1348, 1949-1950 dates of patriarchy, 1919 and Ethiopian prelates, 399, 1028, 1032 as monk at Dayr Anba Bula, 742 Peter vii, Patriarch, 1248, 1614, 1950 dates of patriarchy, 1919 and Ethiopian prelates, 1034, 1035 as monk at Dayr Anba Antuniyus, 723 and Sa‘d Mikha’il ‘Abdu, 2073 Tadrus al-Mashriqi history of, 2197 Peter of Akhmim. See Pshoi, Saint Peter of Apamea, 2124 Peter the Ascetic. See Peter of Scetis, Saint Peter Callinicus, Patriarch of Antioch, 688, 689 Peter de Lusignan. See Pierre de Lusignan Peter the Elder. See Peter the Presbyter, Saint Peter the Fuller, Patriarch of Antioch, 1218, 1671 Peter the Great, Saint, 2086 Peter the Iberian, 44, 1218, 1672 Peter Mongus. See Peter iii Mongus Peter the Presbyter, Saint, 1922, 1951, 2086 Peter al-Sadamanti. See Butrus al-Sidmanti Peter of Scetis, Saint, 1951, 2086 Petersen, Theodore, 1951 Petra. See Jabal Khashm al-Qu‘ud Petraeus, Theodor, 1951 Petrie, W. A. F., 786, 806, 1726 Petronius, Saint, 1952 feast day, 2086 as Pachomius’s successor, 1664 and Pbow, 1927 and Theodorus of Tabennese, 2240 Petros I, Ethiopian prelate, 1001- 1002 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Petros II, Ethiopian prelate, 1018-1019 Petros iii, Ethiopian prelate, 1020-1021 Petros IV, Ethiopian prelate, 1038 Peyron, Amedeo Angelomaria, 1952 Phantasiasts on Incarnation, 1288 see also Julian, Bishop of Halicarnassus Pharan (oasis), 1952-1953, 1976 Pidjimi, Saint, at, 1966, 1967 Pharos, island of, 90, 93, 96, 101 Pharos Lighthouse, 90 Pherme. See Jabal Khashm al-Qu‘ud Phib, Saint, 1551, 1953-1954, 2086 and Bawit founding, 362, 843 see also Apollo of Bawit, Saint Philae, 1657, 1954-1956 castrum of, 236, 467 inscriptions found at, 1292 memorial stone, 1294 monasticism, 1955-1956 as pagan sanctuary, 1178 pharaonic-style temples at, 1865 worship of Isis at, 107, 1801; see also Temple of Isis Philas, Saint, 2086 Phileas, Bishop of Tmuis, 907, 1937 Philemon. See Apollonius and Philemon; Heracleas and Philemon Philip (first deacon), 885 Philip. See Gospel of Philip Philip, Apostle and Saint on Good Friday, 1104 and Holy Spirit, 1446 Philip, Saint. See Philas, Saint Philip of Anatolia, Bishop, 1956 Philip the Arabian, Emperor, 889 Philip of Damanhur (martyr), 1554 Philip the Good of Burgundy,1572 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Philipps Library, Cheltenham, England, 1893 Philippus, Bishop of Memphis, 1587 Philippus, Emperor, 909 patriarch under, 1914 Philip of Side, 2016-20 17 Philo of Alexandria, 103, 104, 1865, 1956-1957 apologists in tradition of, 175 Eusebius on, 1530 on Judaism, 176 and Origen, 1850 Philocalia (Origen), 1853, 1854 Philology. See Language, Coptic; other specific languages Philopater. See Mercurius of Caesarea, Saint Philoponoi. See Confraternity Philoponus, 916 Philosophers Alexander of Lycopolis, 87-88 Alexandrian in late antiquity, 100 Asclepiades, 283, 283 Celsus, 478-479 Chairemon of Alexandria, 512 Heraiscus, 1221-1222 Horapollon, 1255-1256 Philo of Alexandria, 1956-1957 Plotinus, 1981-1982 Synesius, 2192 see also Catechetical School of Alexandria Philosophy, 1958 and Alexandrian theology, 103-104 Arabic, 6 at the Enaton, 956 eschatology, 973-974 see also Philosophers; specific philosophies, e.g., Platonism Philostorgius, 1958-1959 Philotheus, Patriarch, 1959-1960 and Damru, 689 dates of patriarchy, 1916 and Ethiopian prelates, 1002 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 language of liturgy under, 1134 Life of Latson, 1427 and Paphnutius, Saint, 1882 patriarchal residence, 1912 Philotheus of Antioch, Saint, 1960-1961 martyrdom, 1557, 2054 monasteries dedicated to, 848, 861, 862, 1657 pilgrimages to sanctuary of, 1974 Philoxenus of Mabbug, 1961-1962 and Acacian schism, 44 monophysitism, 1672-1673 and Severus of Antioch, 2124 Philuthawus Ibrahim al-Baghdadi, 1630, 1962-1963 role in Coptic education, 563, 931-933 Phis, Saint, 1963, 2086 Phocas (martyr). See Fugas Phocas, Emperor, 126, 688, 1676 patriarch under, 1915 Phoebammon. See Phoibammon of Preht (martyr) Phoebe (deaconess), 888 Phoibammon, Bishop of Qift, 1769-1770, 2039 Phoibammon, Saint. See Abu Bifam, Saint; Dayr Apa Phoibammon; Phoibammon of Preht (martyr) Phoibammon of Preht (martyr), 13, 296, 370, 965, 1093, 1557, 1963-1965 and donation of children, 918 martyrdom, 696, 1557 Phonen, King, 1171 Phonology. See Appendix Photius, 917 on fllioque, 1113, 1115, 1116 and Pamphilus, Saint, 1879 Phragonis. See Afrajun, al-Phrim. See Qasr Ibrim Phyloxenite. See Bahij Physicians. See Medicine, Coptic Physiologos, 1337, 1965-1966 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Piamot of Dumyat, Bishop, 925 Piankoff, Alexandre, 1966 Pidjimi, Saint, 129-130, 1117, 1966-1967, 2086 Piehl, Karl Fredrik, 1967 Pier.
See Pillar Pierius (“Origen the Younger”), 907, 2246 Pierpont Morgan Library, New York City, 48, 824, 1136, 1449, 1592 papyrus collection, 1895, 1899 Pierre de Lusignan, 1537, 1569 Pietro delle Valle, 1967, 1894 Pihebs (martyr), 1557 Pihur, Pisura, and Asra (martyrs), 1557 Pilasters, wooden, 2345, 2345 Pilate. See Filatis (martyr) Pilgrimages, 1968-1975 Abu Mina as center for, 24-29 Abydos, 38-42 ban on access to Holy Sepulcher, 1130 bans on Coptic, 1615 famous, 1969-1971 inscriptions attesting, 1291 Islamic sites, 1528 length and dates of, 1968 Muslim interference with, 1538 Rabitat al-Quds (agency), 2049 secular aspect of, 1968-1969 seven specific aspects of, 1968 sites, 1971-1975 to Abraam I, Saint; gravesite, 10 to Abu Mina, 24, 1550, 1969 to Abu Tij, 38 to burning bush site, 1682, 1683 to Dayr Abu Ishaq to Dayr al-‘Adhra’, 714 to Dayr Anba Bisadah, 732 to Dayr Anba Palaemon, 757 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 to Dayr Anba Shinudab, 765 to Dayr al-‘Azab, 784 to Dayr Durunkah, 799 to Dayr al-Maghtis, 818-819 to Dayr al-Malak Mikha’il, 823 to Dayr Mar Jirjis al-Jadidi, 832 to Dayr Mar Mina (Gharbiyyah), 833 to Dayr Mar Mina (Jabal Abu Fudah), 834 to Dayr al-Muharraq, 840 to Dayr Sitt Dimyanah, 872, 903 to Dayr Yuhanna, 882 to Egyptian monasteries, 2066 to Kafr al-Dayr, 1656 to martyrs’ sanctuaries, 1550 to Mazar al-Sayyidah al-‘Adhra’ (rock church), 853 to Qasr Ibrim, 2037 to Saint Dimyanah residence site, 903 to tomb of Marqus al-Antuni, 1699 to tomb of Psote of Psoï, 2030 Pilgrims and travelers in Christian Egypt, 1975-1977 Pococke, Richard, 1983 Pillar, 217 Pillar of the Faith. See Cyril I, Saint and Patriarch Pimandjoili, 1977 Pinon, Carlier du, 1977 Pior, Saint, 894, 2086 Piriminius, on Apostles’ Creed, 178 Piroou and Athom (martyrs), 695, 971, 1089, 1558 Pisentius, Saint and Bishop of Armant (seventh century), 1978, 2086 Pisentius, Saint and Bishop of Hermonthis (Armant) (fourth-fifth century), 1353-1354, 1978, 2086 Pisentius, Saint and Bishop of Qift (Coptos), 703, 779, 1448, 1892, 1978-1980 archive of, 227 Coptic works on, 1455- 1456 correspondence of, 401-402 depicted in Coptic art, 727 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 feast day, 2086 John the Presbyter life of, 1368 monastery of, 757, 8 19-821 and Persian conquest of Egypt, 1939 see also Pseudo-Pisentius of Qift Pispir, 838 Pistis Sophia, 897, 1148-1149, 1155 Pisura. See Pihur, Pisura, and Asra (martyrs) Pisura, Saint and Bishop of Masil (martyr), 1558, 1980 Pitchers. See Water vessels Pitiryon, Saint, 2086 Pius IX, Pope (Rome), 1373 Pius xii, Pope (Rome), 1942 Piusammon, Bishop of Nikiou, 1793- 1794 Pjol, Anba, 1974, 1981 and Dayr Anba Shinudah founding, 378—379 and Shenute, Saint, 737, 762 Place names. See Toponymy, Coptic Plagues, 86, 910, 1130, 1536—1537, 1633, 1867, 2045, 2242 see also Black Death Plain weaving, Coptic textiles, 2217 Plants, in paintings at Bawit, 371 Plaques, bone and ivory carvings, 406 Plated boxes, 1605 Plates and Dishes. See Ceramics, Coptic; Metalwork, Coptic; Tableware Plato, 1957, 1981 see also Platonism; Plato’s Republic Platonism, 1147, 1148, 1149, 1519, 1547 Celsus, 478—479 Christian apologia and, 176 see also Neoplatonism Plato’s Republic, 1149, 1981 Coptic translation, 1958 Plerophoria (John of Mayuma), 1670, 1735 Pliny the Elder, 1902 Plotinus, 1868, 1981-1982 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 doctrine of soul’s divinity, 1265 Ploumários (Coptic textile term), 2221 Plutarch (martyr), 892 Pochan, André, 704 Pococke, Edward, 1266 Pococke, Richard, 1349, 1977, 1983 Poebarumon, Saint, 1137 Poemen, Saint, 3, 862, 1983—1984 feast day, 2086 hypothesis of two, 1983 and John Colobos, 1360, 1360, 1668 on Sisoes, 2141 Poemen and Eudoxia. See Benjamin and Eudoxia (martyrs) Poetry, 1985-1986 in ‘Abd al-Masih manuscript, 5 by Abu Hulayqah, 19 Alexandrian in late antiquity, 100 Chaldean Oracles, 516 Christodoros of Coptos, 544 Copto-Arabic, 1465-1466, 1467 by Dioscorus of Aphrodito, 916 Greek-language Egyptian, 1177-1178 Nonnos of Panopolis epic, 1799 pagan, 1879 translations into German, 2067 Poggibonsi, 1977 Poikiltes (Coptic textile term), 2221 Poland, Coptic collections, 1711 Polemon, 1638 Polish Center of Mediterranean Archaeology, 1091 Political activity, modern Coptic. See Coptic Reform Society; Political parties Political parties, 1986—1993, 1994, 2322-2324 and Egyptian national unity, 950-951 Mustafa Kamil, 1747-1748 Sa‘d Zaghlul, 2074-2075 Political thought in modern Egypt, 1636-1637, 1993-1996 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 democratic trend, 1995 Makram Ebeid, 1515-1516 Mikhail, Kyriakos, 1627-1628 national liberal trend, 1994-1995 religious political trend, 1995-1996 Sa‘d Zaghlul, 2074 Salamah Musa, 2088-2089 socialist trend, 1996 Wissa Wassef, 2322-2324 Poll tax. See Jizyah Polycarp, Saint and Bishop of Smyrna, 1558, 1905, 1997-1998 as apostolic father, 180 and Ignatius of Antioch letters, 1281, 1282 letters of, 1997—1998 life of, 1997 patristic writings, 1920 Polycrates of Ephesus, Bishop, 1585, 1905 Pompey’s Pillar (Alexandria), 96 Pool of the Ethiopians, 796 Pope in the Coptic church, 1998-1999 as bishop of Alexandria and Cairo, 2193 and bishop’s consecration, 395-398 and Coptic monasteries, 2194 Heraclas, Saint, and first use of title, 1219 as patriarch of Alexandria, 2193 patriarch title interchangeable with, 1909 see also Patriarch; Patriarchs; specific names Porch, 217 Porcher, Ernest, 2000-2001 Porphyrius, predictions of, 1867, 1868 Porphyry (Coptic sculpture), 2113, 2114-2115 Porphyry (martyr), 1558 Porphyry (pupil of Plotinus), 1265, 1981 Portais, Father, 1972 Portraiture, Coptic, 2001-2006 of bishops, 402-403 bust of Mark, Saint, 529 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 of monastic founders, 1660 paintings of Mark, Saint, 1532 Portugal, Coptic collections in, 1711 Posidonios.
See Dayr Posidonios Posniakoff, Basil, 2050 Postumian on Dayr Anba Antuniyus, 721 on Dayr Anba Bula, 742 on Dayr al-Maymun, 838 Potamioena (martyr), 892 Potstands. See Ceramics, Coptic, specific types Potter’s Oracle, 1169 Pottery. See Ceramics, Coptic Pousei, Bishop of Philae, 1955 Pouto. See Ibtu Praecepta (Pachomius), 1862 Pratum spirituale (John Moschus), 2050 Praxeas, 1638 “Prayer of Abu Tarbu,” 1507 Prayer of the Apostle Paul, 2007 in the Jung Codex, 569 Prayerbooks. See Euchologion Prayer of Esaias, 1732-1733 Prayer of Reconciliation, 121, 1416 Prayers of absolution, 15-16 ashiyah, 311 in the Book of Canonical Hours, 446-449, 1724 as center of Pachomian monastic life, 1665 compline (sleep), 582-583, 900 of confirmation, 138 for consecration of altar, 108-109 for consecration of patriarchs, 1909-1910 copied for amulets, 1504 for the dead, 889 Didache on, 898 fraction, 71 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 and genuflection, 1139 Good Friday, 1152-1153 Hail Mary, 1199 Kyrie eleison use in, 1421 morning, 71, 1568-1569 morning incense, 2013 of the ninth hour (collect of None), 71 of oblation, 71 of offertory.
See Offertory for ordination of priests, 2013-2015 orientation toward the East during, 1846 reconciliation, 121, 1416 Saladin’s decrees against, 1535 for the seasons, 443-444 of Thanksgiving, 1715, 2007, 2126 tombstone inscription formulas, 1294-1295 tubh, 2279 vespers, 2301 vigil, 2308 see also Eucharistic literature; Hail Mary; Liturgy; Lord’s Prayer Prayer of Thanksgiving, 1715, 2007 Pre-Coptic. See Appendix Prefect, 2007-2009, 2022 powers of, 2008-2009 qualifications, appointment, and term of office, 2008 Pregnancy and birth. See Birth rites and customs Preht (Abrahat), 771, 795 Phoibammon of, 1963-1965 see also Dayr al-Barshah Premnis. See Qasr Ibrim Pre-Old Coptic. See Appendix Presbyterian National Church. See Coptic Evangelical Church Presbyters in ecclesiastical hierarchy, 2015, 2016 see also Hegumenos Presbytery, 217—218, 220 Prescription books (medical), 1578—1579, 1581, 1582 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 “Presentation of the Clear Proof for the Necessary Destruction of the Churches of Old and New Cairo,” 687 Presentation of the Virgin In The Temple, Feast of the. See Theotokos, Feast of the Preservation of art.
See Art preservation Preservation of manuscripts, Nag Hammadi codices, 1771-1772 Press, Coptic, 1988, 1989, 2010-2013 Le Monde Copte, 1666 Tadrus Shinudah al-Manqabadi, 2197—2198 see also specific publications Press, Egyptian, 1990-1991, 1993, 2088 Pretiosa margarita de scientiis ecclesiasticis, 1464 Priest, ordination of, 2013-2015 Priesthood, 2015-2016, 2015 Agathon of Homs on essence of, 68 blessing styles, 404 celibacy, 84 in church hierarchy, 1229 clerical instruction, 564-565 defrocking of, 308, 891 see also Bishop; related subjects “The Priest of Abu Sarjah.” See Sani Abu al-Majd Butrus ibn Qanna, al-Prima. See Qasr Ibrim Primis. See Qasr Ibrim Primus, Patriarch, 1913, 2016 Printing press for Coptic-language publications, 1302 first Coptic, 932 French expedition, 1526 Migne, Jacques-Paul, 1620 Prisca (wife of Diocletian), 2246 Private law, Coptic, 1428—1430 Probus, Emperor, patriarch under, 1914 Procession, at bishop’s consecration, 396 Processional cross, 1468 Prochorus, 885 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Proclus (composer) (421-485), 1731, 1868 Proclus, Saint and Patriarch of Constantinople, 2016-2019 contested election as bishop of Cyzicus, 399, 2016—2017 Coptic translation of homilies, 1356, 1454, 2017—2018 and the Cycle of John Chrysostom and Demetrius, 667 feast day, 2086 Proclus of Cyzicus.
See Proclus, Saint and Patriarch of Constantinople Procopius, 2019-2020 on Theodora, Empress, 2234, 2235 Procopius of Alexandria (martyr), 1558 Procopius of Gaza, 907 Proestos, 192, 2021 and hegumenos, 1215 and oikonomos, 1826 Professions of Copts in late medieval Egypt, 1616 Prognostications. See Calendologia Propaganda Edition, and Old Testament, Arabic versions of the, 1828-1829, 1830, 1831-1832 Property law. See Law of things; Law of obligations Property tax. See Kharaj Prophets, Lives of the. See Lives of the prophets; Paralipomena Jeremiou Propylon. See Prothyron Proselytization. See Evangeliary; Evangelist; Missionaries Prosopographia Arsinoitica (Diethart), 2022 Prosopographie chrétienne du Bas-Empire (Marrou et al.), 2022 Prosopography, 2021-2022 in colophons, 577 inscriptions’ importance, 1291 The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire A.D. 260-640 (Jones et al.), 2021-2022 Protennoia, 2276-2277 Proterius (Melchite patriarch), 1441—1442, 1583, 1906 assassination site, 94 opposition to, 1670 Protestantism Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 American missionaries in Egypt, 1693 Anglican church in Egypt, 133 Coptic Evangelical church, 603—604 see also Luther, Martin Prothesis, 218 Prothyron, 218 Protodialect. See Appendix Protomartyr. See Stephen, Saint Protonike, Empress, 1377-1378 Protopriests.
See Hegumenos Provincial organization of Egypt, 943—944, 959, 2007—2009, 2022-2023 Provost, 2024 Psalmodia, 900, 924, 1687, 1724—1729, 1728, 1736, 2024 during Lent, 2099 Lord’s Prayer, 1481 and sab‘ah wa-arba‘ah, 2017 and Theotokion, 2255 Virgin-censer analogy, 1470 and Watus, 2320 see also Lobsh Adam Psalms for altar consecration, 108 canonical hours for reading, 1724 collected manuscripts of, 1777 for consecration of patriarchs, 1909, 1910 in Coptic Good Friday Service, 1152 Coptic magic’s use of, 1504 Coptic translations, 1451 guardian angel concept in, 1186 Holy Week readings, 1251 musical setting, 2024 Psalter, 1731 Psammetichos I, 1165 Psammetichos II, 1166 Pseudo-Athanasius, Canons of. See Canons of Pseudo-Athanasius Pseudo-Clement of Rome, collection of Book of Rolls, 1777, 1783 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Pseudo-Cyril of Alexandria, 681, 2025-2026 Pseudo-Demetrius of Phaleron, 1731, 1732 Pseudo-Epiphanius of Cyprus, collected works, 1782 Pseudo-Macarius, homilies of, 722, 2027—2028 Pseudo-Pisentius of Qift, 360, 2028 Pseudo-Proclus, 2018 Pshoi, Saint (Akhmim), 2028—2029, 2082, 2086 Pshoi of Jeremiah, 1924, 1925 Pshoi of Scetis, 1974, 2029-2030 and Life of Maximus and Domitius, Saints, 1576 monasteries associated with, 734, 736-737, 738, 795 and Paul of Tamma, 1924, 1925 pilgrimages to burial site, 1974 and Shanasha, 2127 and vigil legend, 2308 Pshoi of Tud, Saint, 2030, 2086 Psobt-m-p-hoi. See Khandaq, al-Psoï, 732, 1657, 2030—2031 Dayr Yuhannis at, 883 as Greek town in Egypt, 1175, 1179, 1180-1181 pilgrimages to, 1973 Psote of Psoï, Saint and Bishop, 1980, 2030, 2031—2032 Aswan church of, 294, 295 martyrdom, 1558 and Panine and Paneu, 1880 relics in Dayr Anba Bisadah, 732, 1657 role in Coptic hagiography, 1193 tomb of, 733 see also Dayr Anba Bisadah Pteleme. See loule and Pteleme (martyrs); Ptolemy of Dandarah (martyr) Ptolemaeus, 688, 1151 Ptolemais cult of Homeric gods, 1865 shrines, 1976 Ptolemais Hermiou. See Pso Ptolemeus the Martyr, church dedicated to, 903, 1412 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Ptolemic temples, Dayr al-Madinah on site of, 816, 817-818 Ptolemy, Saint and Bishop of Minuf, 2086 Ptolemy of Dandarah (martyr), 1558 Ptolemy dynasty, 1166, 1175-1176, 1179, 1180-1181 and administrative organization of Egypt, 934 and Alexandria, 95, 97, 103 Dionysiac cult, 1758, 1760 Publications. See Press, Coptic; Press, Egyptian; specific titles Public law, Coptic, 1430 Publius Licinius Valerianus. See Valerian, Emperor Puech, Henri-Charles, 2032-2033 Pulcheria, Empress, 2033 and the Assumption of Mary, 292, 290 and Chalcedon, Council of, 513—514, 1441, 1442, 1670, 2033 and Dioscorus I, 914 Pulpit. See Ambo Punishment, ecclesiastical. See Excommunication; Penalization Purgatory, 974, 1125 see also Hades Purification ritual. See Ablution Pushkin Museum, Moscow, 1895 Pusi, Bishop of Philae, 1295 Putti, 1765-1766, 1766 Pyramids, 34, 2065 Pyrrhus, Patriarch of Constantinople, 1678 Pythagoras, 1867-1868 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372
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Q (source of Gospels of Saint Matthew and Saint Luke), 1163 Qafri (Nubian), 762 Qahirah, al-, 1633 Qalamun, al-, 758, 1658, 2311 Qal‘at al-Babayn, 2035 Qallin, 752, 2036 Qalyub, 2036 Qalyubiyyah Province, monasteries in, 1655 Qamulah monasteries at, 827-828, 829-830, 1656, 1658 pilgrimages to, 1973—1974 Qamus al-Jughrafi lil-Bilad al-Misriyyah, al- (Muhammad Ramzi), 1695 Qararah, 2036 Qarfunah. See Dayr Durunkab Qartasa (village), 688 Qasim ibn ‘Ubayd Allah, al-, 762, 764 Qasr Farisi (Persian Castle), 1939 Qasr Ibrim, 2036-2037 as administrative center, 1315 and Ballana kingdom, 332 and Baqt, 344 and Beja tribes, 373 and bishopric of Faras, 1090, 1091 as capital of Nobatia, 1797, 1798 Dotawo documents at, 922 as episcopal see of Nubia, 1813 letters on the eparchs of Nobatia found at, 1798 and Nubian archaeology, medieval, 1805 Nubian archives of, 227, 1675, 1816-1817 and Nubian Christian architecture, 1807-1809 and Nubian evangelization, 1802 and Nubian inscriptions, medieval, 1815 and Nubian languages and literature, 1815-1816 and Nubian studies, 615 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Qasr Nisimah, 2038 Qasr Qarun, 465, 466, 1873 Qasr al-Sayyad monasteries near, 1657 pilgrimages to, 1973 see also Jabal al-Tarif Qasr al-Sham‘, 2038, 1647 and Babylon, 317 church of Mercurius of Caesarea, 1594 Church of al-Mu‘allaqah at, 557-560 Qasr Waheida, 1399-1400, 1404, 1406 Qasr al-Wizz, 1090, 1817—1818 Qatamarus. See Lectionary Qays, al-, 709, 2038 Qena, monasteries in, 1657 Qerelos I, Ethiopian prelate, 1009 Qerelos II, Ethiopian prelate, 1032-1033 Qerelos iii, Ethiopian prelate, 1040-1042 Qibli Qamulah. See Qamulah Qibriyus, Saint, monastery of, 850 Qift, 98, 1374, 2038-2040, 2043 and Ballas, 333 martyrdoms in, 1907 monasteries in region of, 787-788, 1657-1658 Qina, 2040 Qiryaqus, Metropolitan of the Pentapolis, 1612—1612 Quartodeciman controversy, 1791—1792 Quasten, Johannes, 1921 Qubbah, 332 see also Dome Quecke, H., 1863, 1894, 1895 Quibell, Annie A., 2040 Quibell, James Edward, 560, 777, 2040 Qulqas (vegetable), 1103 Qulzum, al-. See Clysma Qummus. See Hegumenos Qummus Sarjiyus. See Sarjiyus, Malati Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Qumran sect, 143 Didache compared with writings of, 898 Qumriyyah (mother superior), 1652 Quna (martyr), 1558 Quqam, as stopping place in flight into Egypt, 840 Qurnah, 800 Qurnat Mar‘i, 849, 857, 1656, 2040—2042, 2041 history, 2040—2041 Monastery of Mark the Evangelist, 2042 Qurrah ibn Sharik (Shurayk), 86, 187 Qus, 66, 67, 2043—2045, 66, 67 monasteries in, 711, 819—820, 657, 1658 Qustantin ibn Abi al-Ma‘ali ibn Abi al-Fath Abu al-Fath, 1182, 2046—2047 Qusur el-‘Abid, 1400 Qusur ‘Isa, 1400, 1401, 1402, 1404—1405, 1406—1407, 1408 Qusur el-‘Izeila, 1395, 1400, 1402, 1404, 1405, 1407, 1408 Qusur el-Ruba‘iyat, 1398—1399, 1401, 1402, 1404, 1408 Qutruz, Sultan, 1517 Quzman, Iskandar, 1467 Quzman of Taha and his companions (martyrs), 1558 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372
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Rabbinical teaching, Didache compared with, 898 Rabitat al-Quds, 2049 Rafi‘i, ‘Abdal-Rahman al-, 2010 Rafi‘i, Amin al-, 1990 Rainer, Archduke, 2049 papyri collection (Vienna), 1100, 2049, 2321 Raithou, 2049-2050 and Pharan oasis, 1952 as pilgrimage site, 1976 Rampart. See Hisn Ramses II, 1485 Ramses iii, 53, 1586 Ramses VI, tomb of, 2066 Ramses Wissa Wassef, 2051 Ramshausen, Franciscus Wilhelm von, 2052 Ramzi, M., on Dayr al-Turfah, 882 Ramzi Tadrus. See Literature, Copto-Arabic Ranke, Hermann, 656, 2052 Raoue (Coptic term), 695 Raphael, Archangel, 101, 190, 2052—2054 Rashid (Rosetta), 925, 2054 Franciscan friary, 1122, 1123 French governors, 1591 Rashid al-Din Abu Sa‘id, 2055 Rashid Rida, Muhammad, 1996 Ras Tafari Makonnen, 1041 Ras Za‘faranah, 741 Ratramnus of Corbie, 1113, 1115 Rayah, al-. See Raithou Rayramun, al-, Dayr al-Malak Mikha’il, 828—829, 1654 Razi, Fakhr al-Din al-, al-Safi ibn al-‘Assal reply to, 2077 Raziq, ‘Ali Abd, al-, 1996 Readers, in ecclesiastical hierarchy, 1229, 2016 Reading. See Lectionary; Libraries Rebecca (martyr), 66-67 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Recared (Visigoth king), 1112 Recension, characteristics of the Egyptian. See Canons, Apostolic Reclusion, 2055-2056 Pidjimi, Saint, 1966—1967 women practitioners, 88, 1663 Redline Bookstore, 1628 Red Monastery.
See Dayr Anba Bishoi (Suhaj) Refectory, 735—736, 2056 Reform Party on Constitutional Principles (Hizb al-Islah ‘Ala al-Mabadi’ al-Dustruriyyah), 1988 The Refutation of Allegorists (Nepos), 911 Refutation and Apology (Dionysius), 911 Regula, Saint, 1082, 1110, 1558, 2057, 2086, 2232 Relics at Dayr Apa Anub, 770 of Elisha, Prophet, 1646 of John of Sanhut, 1626 kept in wood coffers, 2329—2330 of Mark, Apostle and Saint, 1521—1532, 1573, 1646, 1910 of Mercurius of Caesarea, 1592, 1594 at Monastery of the Metanoia, 1608 Reliefs preservation of Coptic, 280 woodworklng, 2327 see also Sculpture in stone Religio licita, Christianity as, 308 Religious History (Theodoret), 2236 Rémondon, Roger, 2057 Renaudin, Paul, 2057 Renaudot, Eusebe, 298, 2057 Repentance. See Confession and penitence Reply to Jaqfari (al-Safi ibn al-‘Assal), 2078—2079 Reply to Tabari (al-Safi ibn al-‘Assal), 2078 Republic (Plato). See Plato’s Republic Republican Party (Egypt), 1987 Respima (martyr), 1558 Responses, melodies of Copic. See Music, Coptic, description Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Responsory, 2058 Resurrection Abbaton’s presence, 2 in the Apocryphon of James, 169 Easter commemoration, 1104-1105, 2159-2160; see also Easter fasts prior to feast of, 1093, 1095 Holy Saturday and, 1247—1249 monthly feastal day commemoration, 1111 and mummification, 1697 Sunday commemoration, 2098, 2159 Treatise on the Resurrection (gnostic tractate), 2275 Resurrection of the dead. See Hades; Judgment, Last Return aisle, church, 218 Revelation, Book of on altar lights, 109 authorship, 911 in canon of Scripture, 2109 reading on Holy Saturday, 1249 Revelation 4 tetramorph depiction in Coptic art, 539—540 in Triumph of Christ, 525 on the twenty-four elders, 541 Revillout, Charles Eugene, 58, 1481, 1892, 2058 Revue d’histoire ecclésiastique (publication), 1424 Revue égyptologique (publication), 2058 Rhakotis, 97 Rháptes (Coptic textile term), 2221 Rhenish State Museum, Trier, 1598 Rhinokorua, 1650 Rhyme, 1986 Ricci, Seymour Montefiore Robert Rosso de, 2059 Ridwan, Vizier, 1097 Right Bank. See Monasteries of the Upper Sa‘id Rings, 1607 Risalah al-Masihiyyah, al- (“the Christian message”), 1098 Risalat al-Bayan al-Azhar (Ibn Kabar), 1464 Rites and sacraments Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 baptism, 336—338 baptism, liturgy of, 339—342 burial, 425—426 communion, 578-579 in Ethiopian Orthodox Church, 997—998 Eucharist, 1056—1061 interdict, 1299 marriage, 1542—1546 unction of the sick, 2291—2292 see also Birth rites and customs; Sacrament; specific sacraments Ritual books, 1728—1729 River Jordan, 1246 Rizq Agha, 2059 Robertson, Marian, 1730, 1743 Robinson, J. M., 1899 Rock churches, 716, 747, 770, 771, 798, 853, 1656 Lalibala, 1425—1426, 1426 Rodriguez, Christophore, Father, 1134 Roger I (Norman), 1099 Roman Catholic church absolution in, 15 and Acacian schism, 42—47 Acta sanctorum, 56—57 Agnus Dei in, 70 bishopric, 911 canonization in, 449 and canon law, 449—550 canon of Scripture, 2108 and Chalcedon, Council of, 1670, 1671, 1673, 1674 concomitance in, 584 control of Jerusalem, 1615 Coptic church relations with, 609—611, 913, 914, 1134, 1141; see also Trent, Council of Dominicans in Egypt, 918 Easter date-setting, 1906 and Ethiopian controversies, 986—987 and Ethiopian prelates, 1028—1030, 1033—1036 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 fan use, 1474 Franciscans in Egypt, 1121—1123 gnosticism and, 1151 Iconoclastic controversy, 1275 Immaculate Conception doctrine, 1285 and Jerome, Saint, biblical translation, 1323 Jesuits and the Coptic Church, 1329—1330 John xvii, Patriarch, and proselytizing by, 1349 and Last Judgment, 1379 on Mark, Saint, 1529 missions in Ethiopia, 1028—1030, 1036—1037 missions in India, 1635—1636 missions to Copts, 1538 on nature of Christ, 523 papal supremacy precedent, 1440 patriarch title, 1909 return of Saint Mark’s relics by, 1532 Rufa’il al-Tukhi, 2067—2068 and trinitarian controversies, 1638 and Ya‘qub, General, 2351 and Yusuf Abu Daqn, 2364 see also Acacian schism; Nicaea, Council of; Rome The Romance of Julian the Apostate, 1593 Romances, Coptic, 2059-2060 Roman emperors in Egypt, 2061-2063, 2066 see also names of specific emperors Roman Empire administration of Egypt under, 934, 959, 2007—2009, 2022— 2023 Alexandria under, 95—99 Antinoopolis founding, 1179 army in Egypt, 235-238 Babylonian fortress, 317—318, 318 boule, 4 13—414 castrum (military camp), 464—468, 1485 Christian martyrs, 1548—1549, 1550—1559 conflict during Alexander I patriarchy, 81 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Decius, 889—891 Diocletian, 904—908 division of, 942 and Egypt in late antiquity, 942-947 impact on Hellenized Egypt, 1167-1168, 1176-1177, 1179, 1180-1181 Jovian’s restoration of Christianity, 1376—1377 Manichaeism in, 1519, 1521 Maximus patriarchy under, 1575 Mercurius of Caesarea, 1592—1594 Monarchianism in, 1638 and monophysitism, 1675—1677 pagarch system, 1871—1872 patriarchs under, 1913—1915 Pelagianism heresy, 1929—1930 persecution of Christians, 892-893, 903, 909-910, 912, 1110, 1868-1869, 1935-1937; see also specific emperors provincial art, 1873 provincial organization of Egypt, 959 Pulcheria, Empress, 2033 religion in Europe under, 1865— 1870 and Scetis monasteries, 789—790 taxation policies in Egypt, 98, 237-238, 904, 905, 945, 2009, 2202-2206 temples, 690, 691, 863 and Theban Legion, 2231—2233 see also Byzantine Empire; Constantinople; Roman emperors in Egypt; specific personal and place names Roman soldiers. See Army, Roman; Castrum Roman travelers in Egypt, 2064-2066 Romanus. See Victor Stratelates, Saint Romanus II, Emperor, 1098 Rome as apostolic see, 180 apostolic succession, 181 Coptic relations with. See Coptic relations with Rome sack of, 1930 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 see also Roman Catholic church; Roman Empire Roof, 218 saddleback, 220 Roosevelt, Theodore, 1466 Ropemaking, 1640 Rösch, Friedrich, 2067 Rosenthal, Joseph, 1996 Rosetta. See Rashid Rosetta Stone, 516, 2054 Rose al-Youssef (publication), 1991 Rossi, Francesco, 1894, 2067 Rosweyde, H., 56, 405 Roy, Martha, 1726 Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology, Toronto, 1891 Rubbaytah. See Provost Rückert, Friedrich, 2067 Rudwan ibn Walkhasi, 1129 Rufa’il al-Tukhi, 1349, 2067—2068 and Coptic relations with Rome, 610 ordained as Catholic priest, 1122 as printer of Coptic books, 610, 614, 1349 Rufaylah, Ya‘qub Nakhlah, 1466 Rufinus, 2068-2069 on Athanasius I, 298 on Canopus, 31 on Ethiopian conversion to Christianity, 312—313 and founding of Jerusalem monasteries, 1663 on Nitria, 1796 and Sentences of Sextus, 2120 as student of Didymus the Blind, 472, 900 on Temple of Serapis, 134 and Theophilus, Patriarch, 2252 translation of Pamphilus, 1879 Rufus of Shotep, commentary on Gospels of Mark and Luke, 1456 Rukn al-Din Baybars-Jashankir, 1464 “Rule of the Angel” (Pachomian document), 1862 Rules of Pachomius, 32, 119, 1661—1662, 1663, 1861—1862 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034.
Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372 Rural Diaconate, 2091 Russia and the Coptic Church, 1950 Theognosta, Saint, and Christianization of Georgia, 2243-2244 see also Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Ruth, in Arabic versions of the Old Testament, 1835 Ruthwell Cross, 419 Ruways, Anba. See Anba Ruways Ruzayqat, al- (Armant), 2069 Vol 1: pp. 1-316. Vol 2: pp. 317-662. Vol.3: pp. 663-1004 Vol 4: pp. 1005-1352. Vol 5: pp. 1353-1690. Vol 6: pp. 1391-2034. Vol 7: pp. 2035-2372